The polarization voltage battery how to understand.

The so-called failure, capacity decay or backwardness of the battery is directly manifested as the increase of internal resistance, the rise of terminal voltage and the decline of service performance. Mainly in battery vulcanization, an important factor causing sulfide for polarization voltage and memory effect.

Polarization voltage is the irreversible electrode process, the electrode potential difference voltage potential from the resulting equilibrium electrode potential. It can also be said that the polarization voltage is the difference between the actual electrode potential and the balance electrode potential. The result of polarization is that the positive pole is more positive and negative.
There are 3 reasons for the polarization of the electrode.
1, resistance polarization: because of the potential difference between electrolyte and electrode, it is called resistance polarization.
2, concentration polarization: polarization near the electrode and concentration of electrolyte far away from electrode is called concentration polarization.
3, electrochemical polarization: the electrode process is usually divided into several steps. If one of the reaction rates is slow, the whole electrode reaction will be hindered and the polarization caused by the slow chemical reaction of the electrode is called electrochemical polarization. For example, the production of dense lead sulfate on the surface of lead-acid battery will impede the reaction between electrolyte and its active substances and form a very high polarization voltage. The external performance of the battery is not charged.

Is the reaction of polarization voltage battery or self discharge reaction with a voltage between the electrode and the electrolyte electrode. We say that the higher the polarization voltage of hydrogen is, the higher the voltage required between electrode and electrolyte. The battery is charged with a slight self discharge at the same time. "The most important factor for the vulcanization is the polarization voltage and memory effect", which means that the self discharge voltage is higher in the charge, which affects the charging effect, and the reaction is not thorough, and then the vulcanization is aggravated.